The distinguishing feature of the PID controller is the ability to use the three control terms of proportional, … See more

Continuous control, before PID controllers were fully understood and implemented, has one of its origins in the centrifugal governor, which uses rotating weights to control a process. This was invented by Christiaan … See more

Consider a robotic arm that can be moved and positioned by a control loop. An electric motor may lift or lower the arm, depending on forward or reverse power applied, but power cannot be a simple function of position be… See more

This section describes the parallel or non-interacting form of the PID controller. For other forms please see § Alternative nomenclature and forms.
The PID control scheme is named after its three corre… See more

Tuning a control loop is the adjustment of its control parameters (proportional band/gain, integral gain/reset, derivative gain/rate) to the optimum values for the desired control response. Stability (no unbounde… See more

While PID controllers are applicable to many control problems, and often perform satisfactorily without any improvements or only coarse tuning, they can perform poorly in some applications and do not in general provide … See more

The basic PID algorithm presents some challenges in control applications that have been addressed by minor modifications to the PID form.
One common problem resulting from the ideal PID i… See more