North magnetic pole
The north magnetic pole, also known as the magnetic north pole, is a point on the surface of Earth's Northern Hemisphere at which the planet's magnetic field points vertically downward. There is only one location where this occurs, near the... Wikipedia
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Declination is positive when this angle is east of true north and negative when it is west. Magnetic declination changes over time, and with location.
Many centuries ago, mariners oriented themselves by the sun's place or rising and setting, or by the direction of the prevailing winds.